Gandhiji or Mahatma Gandhi, Father of Nation
He was christened Mohandas. He signed his name as M.K. Gandhi, but in full it was Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. (He was the third son of the state's divan (Prime Minister) Karamchand Gandhi and Putlibai). He preferred being called 'Gandhiji'. For India, officially, he is the Father of Nation, and is fondly called 'Bapu' ('father', in Gujarati). Tagore the poet called him reverentially 'Mahatma' (to mean 'Great Soul' in Sanskrit and almost all other languages in India), and the honorific title stuck and for the whole world he became Mahatma Gandhi, the spiritual leader who helped to win the freedom back to India from the hands of the British colonialists through a non-violent struggle of resistance, the modern apostle of non-violence, amity and peace, and a role model for morality in public life. And when he was felled in a Free India by the bullets of a Hindu fanatic who felt Gandhi was a supporter of the Muslims, Einstein, the great scientist and humanist, paid his tributes thus: "Generations to come will scarce believe that such a one as this walked the Earth in flesh and blood." From The British George Bernard Shaw who rejected the award of a Nobel Prize to the French Romain Rolland who accepted it had held Gandhi in high esteem. Gandhi's martyrdom was the pinnacle of the several sacrifices he offered for the principles he held sacred. It was on January 30, 1948 that he fell. His country had become independent months before, in August 1947, but the country was partitioned into Pakistan and India. The irony was that the Hindus and the Muslims would not live in peace, and they continued their rioting. When Indian National Leaders were celebrating the dawn of freedom in Delhi, Gandhi, the architect of freedom, was in Bengal, trying to quell the rioting. And finally, he had to begin his fast against the rioting and for the ending of the riots. The riots stopped, and the fast ended, but Gandhi was assassinated before long, by those who thought he was siding with the Muslims!

Contents

  1. Gandhi
  2. Mahatma Gandhi
  3. Father of Nation
  4. Einstein on Gandhi
  5. Martyrdom of Gandhi
  6. Mahatma Gandhi : Childhood
  7. Gandhi studies in England
  8. Gandhi goes to South Africa
  9. Discrimination in train
  10. Stage coach incident
  11. First Public Speech of Gandhi
  12. Natal Indian Congress
  13. Gandhi against discriminatory laws
  14. Indian opinion
  15. Gandhi and Bhagavad Gita
  16. Vegetarianism and naturopathy
  17. Home Rule Movement
  18. Origin of Satyagraha
  19. Passive resistance
  20. Fight to modify Indian marriage laws
  21. Gandhi visits King his usual attire
  22. Gandhi meets king
  23. Gandhi warns re-launching struggle
  24. Gandhi arrested
  25. Gandhi opposes suppression
  26. Gandhi fasts against segregation
  27. Gandhi fasts at Yervada
  28. Congress endorses resolution
  29. Gandhi resigns from the Congress
  30. Gandhi says earthquake a punishment
  31. Gandhi resigned from congress
  32. Leaders shocked on Gandhi’s decision
  33. New Constitution for India
  34. Gandhi for rural reconstruction
  35. Congress opposes
  36. Congress wins election
  37. Congress ministries in the provinces
  38. People disillusioned in congress rule in provinces
  39. Consolidation of congress groups
  40. Gandhi defines congress
  41. Bose defeats Gandhi’s candidate
  42. Congress reiterates faith in Gandhi
  43. Gandhi's son embraces Islam
  44. Gandhi as a person
  45. Gandhi, Congress and Second World War
  46. Hindu-Muslim divide, British target
  47. Gandhi demands better approach to India
  48. Disciplinary action on Bose
  49. Total Independence Resolution
  50. Subhash Chandra Bose's criticism
  51. Stafford Cripps Mission
  52. Partition of India
  53. Quit India Movement
  54. Death of Kasturba
  55. Demand for Pakistan intensifies
  56. Decision for partition
  57. India Wins Freedom
  58. Gandhi in Calcutta - Part I
  59. Gandhi in Calcutta - Part II
  60. Gandhi in Calcutta - Part III
  61. Communal Riot
  62. Attempt on Gandhi's life
  63. Last Day of Gandhi’s Life – I
  64. Last day in Gandhi's life – II
  65. Last day in Gandhi's life – III
  66. Last day in Gandhi’s life – IV
  67. Romain Rolland on Gandhi
  68. Gandhi-Irwin Pact
  69. Protest on Bhagat Singh's hanging
  70. India celebrated independence day
  71. Second Round Table Conference
  72. Gandhi to attend Second Round Table Conference
  73. The trip to attend Second Round Table Conference
  74. Second Round Table begins
  75. Speech of Gandhi at Second Round Table
  76. Gandhi reiterates nonviolence
  77. Gandhi compared with St. Francis
  78. Gandhi meets George Bernard Shaw
  79. Gandhi refuses to change his usual attire
  80. Satyagraha in South Africa
  81. Back to Mother India
  82. Gandhi meets Jinnah
  83. Gandhi meets Gokhale and Tagore
  84. Gandhi at Banaras Hindu University
  85. Gandhi’s speech at Banaras Hindu University
  86. First Satyagraha
  87. Gandhi meets Rajendra Prasad
  88. Indigo farmers learn Satyagraha
  89. Sabarmati Ashram
  90. Gandhism
  91. Gandhi moves to Kheda
  92. Home Rule League
  93. Goat milk to Gandhi's menu
  94. Gandhi becomes active in Indian Politics
  95. Rowlatt Bill
  96. Gandhi calls Hartal
  97. Weekly newspaper Satyagraha
  98. Gandhi arrested – I
  99. Gandhi arrested – II
  100. Gandhi suspends Satyagraha
  101. Massacre at Jallianwala Bagh – I
  102. Massacre at Jallianwalla Bagh – II
  103. Massacre at Jallianwalla Bagh – III
  104. Massacre at Jallianwalla Bagh – IV
  105. Gandhi returns British Honors
  106. Non-cooperation movement
  107. C. F. Andrews recommends Gandhi’s visit to Punjab
  108. B. G. Horniman supports Gandhi
  109. Prince of Wales visits India
  110. Chauri Chaura
  111. Gandhi's speech at trial
  112. Gandhi trial in Sarojini Naidu's words
  113. Gandhi studies in prison
  114. Fight against social evils
  115. Gandhi fasts against communal riots
  116. Simon Commission
  117. Nehru moves Purna Swaraj resolution
  118. Mayo's book on India
  119. Dominion status to India
  120. First Independence Day
  121. Presidentship of congress to Jawaharlal Nehru
  122. Salt Satyagraha Part – I
  123. Salt Satyagraha Part – II
  124. Satyagraha
  125. Gandhi’s speech at trial
  126. Amritsar congress convention
  127. First Round Table Conference